Mpekere nke nano-sized irighiri ihe na-abawanye uru nke agba nchebe, mkpuchi, primers na waxes maka ọla.
Ojiji nke graphene nanosheets iji meziwanye arụmọrụ bụ mpaghara ngwa ọhụrụ ma na-eto ngwa ngwa na ụlọ ọrụ agba.
Ọ bụ ezie na ojiji ha na ngwaahịa nchebe ígwè dị ọhụrụ - naanị na-ere ahịa n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga - egosila na graphene nanosheets (NNPs) nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na njirimara nke primers, mkpuchi, agba, waxes, na ọbụna lubricants.Ọ bụ ezie na usoro njikwa nrụgide dị iche iche dịgasị iche site na ụzọ iri ole na ole ruo pasent ole na ole, mgbakwunye ziri ezi nke GNP ga-aghọ ihe mgbakwunye multifunctional nke nwere ike ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ na ogologo oge nke mkpuchi ahụ, melite nguzogide kemịkalụ, nguzogide corrosion, nguzogide oxidation na abrasion. iguzogide.;ọbụna na-enyere elu aka iwepụ mmiri na unyi ngwa ngwa.Na mgbakwunye, GNP na-emekarị dị ka synergists, na-enyere ndị ọzọ Mmeju na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ala ịta na-enweghị ịchụ àjà irè.A na-eji graphene nanosheets eme ihe n'ahịa ahịa na ngwaahịa nchebe igwe sitere na igwe mkpuchi ụgbọ ala, sprays na waxes ruo primers na eserese nke ndị na-arụ ụgbọ ala, ndị na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ na ọbụna ndị na-azụ ahịa na-eji.A na-akọ na ngwa ndị ọzọ (dị ka mmiri antifouling / anticorrosive primers na paints) nọ na njedebe ikpeazụ nke ule na a na-atụ anya na a ga-ere ahịa n'ime afọ ole na ole sochirinụ.
Ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Mahadum Manchester (Manchester, UK) bụ ndị mbụ wepụrụ graphene otu-layer na 2004, nke e nyere ha 2010 Nobel Prize na Physics.Graphene nanosheets - a multi-layered ụdị graphene dị si dị iche iche mgbere na iche iche urughuru ọkpụrụkpụ na ọkara nha - bụ ewepụghị / scaly nanosized 2D ụdị nke carbon.Dị ka nanoparticles ndị ọzọ, ike nke GNP nwere ike ịgbanwe ma melite njirimara nke ngwaahịa macroscopic dị ka ihe nkiri polymer, plastik / composite part, covers, and even concrete bụ kpamkpam nke na-erughị obere nha ha.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, geometry dị larịị, obosara ma dịkwa gịrịgịrị nke mgbakwunye GNP na-eme ka ha dị mma maka ịnye mkpuchi elu dị mma na-enweghị mmụba mkpuchi.N'aka nke ọzọ, ịdị irè ha n'ịkwalite arụmọrụ mkpuchi na-apụtakarị na a na-achọ obere mkpuchi ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi dị nro.Ihe GNP nwekwara oke elu elu (2600 m2/g).Mgbe a gbasasịrị nke ọma, ha nwere ike imeziwanye ihe mgbochi nke mkpuchi na kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ gas, na-ebute nchebe ka mma megide corrosion na oxidation.Ke adianade do, si a tribological ele ihe anya, ha nwere nnọọ ala n'elu shiee, nke na-eme ka mma eyi iguzogide na ileghara ọnụọgụ, nke na-enyere aka inye mkpuchi mma ọkọ iguzogide na repels unyi, mmiri, microorganisms, algae, wdg Ịtụle ndị a. Ngwongwo, ọ dị mfe ịghọta ihe kpatara na ọbụna obere ihe mgbakwunye GNP nwere ike ịdị irè n'ịkwalite njirimara nke ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ndị ụlọ ọrụ na-eji kwa ụbọchị.
Ọ bụ ezie na ha, dị ka nanoparticles ndị ọzọ, nwere ikike dị ukwuu, ikewapụ na ịgbasa graphene nanosheets n'ụdị nke ndị na-emepụta agba nwere ike iji mee ihe ma ọ bụ ọbụna ndị na-emepụta plastik adịghị mfe.Ịmepụta mkpokọta nanoparticles buru ibu maka mgbasa nke ọma (na mgbasa na ngwaahịa ndị kwụsiri ike) maka iji plastik, ihe nkiri na mkpuchi egosila ihe ịma aka.
Companieslọ ọrụ GNP nke azụmahịa na-enye ụdịdị dị iche iche (otu-oyi akwa, multi-layer, dị iche iche nkezi dayameta na, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, yana arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ agbakwunyere) na ụdị ụdị dị iche iche ( ntụ ntụ na mmiri mmiri (ihe mgbaze, dabere na mmiri ma ọ bụ resin) dabere] dispersions maka usoro polymer dị iche iche).Ndị na-emepụta ihe kachasị elu n'ahịa ahịa kwuru na ha na ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji chọta ihe kachasị mma nke ihe eji eme ihe na nhazi dilution kachasị mma iji meziwanye àgwà agba na-enweghị mmetụta ọjọọ ndị ọzọ isi ihe.N'okpuru ebe a bụ ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ikwurịta ọrụ ha n'ọhịa nke mkpuchi mkpuchi maka ọla.
Ngwaahịa nlekọta ụgbọ ala bụ otu n'ime ngwa graphene mbụ na nke kachasị mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ agba. Foto: Surf Protection Solutions LLC
Otu n'ime ngwa azụmaahịa mbụ nke ngwaahịa nchekwa igwe graphene dị na mkpụbelata ụgbọ ala.Ma ejiri ya na mmiri mmiri, aerosol, ma ọ bụ wax, ngwaahịa nlekọta ụgbọ ala ndị a dị elu nwere ike itinye ya ozugbo na agba ụgbọ ala ma ọ bụ chrome, na-eme ka gloss na omimi nke onyonyo (DOI) dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ụgbọ ala dịkwuo mfe ihicha, na ịnọgide na-adị ọcha na ịgbasawanye ihe.nchebe dị nnọọ elu karịa ngwaahịa ndị a na-emekarị.Ngwaahịa ndị GNP kwalitere, ndị a na-ere ụfọdụ n'ime ha ozugbo nye ndị na-azụ ahịa na ndị ọzọ na-ere naanị na ụlọ ịcha mma, na-asọ mpi ngwaahịa seramiiki (oxide) bara ụba (nwere silica, titanium dioxide, ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke ha abụọ).Ngwaahịa nwere GNP nwere arụmọrụ dị elu yana ọnụahịa dị elu ka ha na-enye ọtụtụ uru dị mkpa nke mkpuchi seramiiki enweghị ike inye.Igwe ọkụ dị elu nke Graphene na-ekpochapụ ọkụ nke ọma - ihe bara uru maka ngwaahịa ndị a na-eji na mkpuchi na wiil - yana nnukwu ọkụ eletrik ya na-ewepụ ụgwọ ndị kwụ ọtọ, na-eme ka ọ sie ike maka uzuzu ịrapara.Na nnukwu akụkụ kọntaktị (ogo 125), mkpuchi GNP na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa na nke ọma, na-ebelata ntụpọ mmiri.Ngwongwo abrasive na ihe mgbochi dị mma na-echebe agba ahụ site na ncha, ụzarị UV, kemịkalụ, oxidation na warping.Nghọta dị elu na-enye ohere ka ngwaahịa ndị dabeere na GNP jigide ọdịdị na-egbuke egbuke, nke na-egbuke egbuke nke na-ewu ewu na mpaghara a.
Surface Protective Solutions LLC (SPS) nke Grafton, Wisconsin, onye na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na mpaghara ahịa a, na-ere ihe mkpuchi graphene na-adịgide adịgide na-adịgide adịgide nke na-adịgide ruo ọtụtụ afọ ma na-ere agba mmiri na-eme ka graphene.Ọbara maka mmetụ aka ngwa ngwa nke na-adịru ọtụtụ ọnwa.Ngwaahịa abụọ a dị ugbu a naanị ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka nka a zụrụ azụ na ikike, n'agbanyeghị na enwere atụmatụ ịnye ndị na-azụ ahịa ihe ịchọ mma na ngwaahịa nlekọta ahụike ozugbo ozugbo.Ngwa ebumnuche gụnyere ụgbọ ala, gwongworo, na ọgba tum tum, yana ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ kwuru na ọ dị nso ka a na-ere ahịa maka ụlọ na ụgbọ mmiri.(SPS na-enyekwa ngwaahịa antimony/tin oxide nke na-enye nchebe UV n'elu.)
"Waks carnauba omenala nwere ike ichekwa ihe ndị e sere ese site n'izu ruo ọnwa," Onye isi ala SPS Brett Welsien na-akọwa."Mkpuchi seramiiki, nke ewepụtara n'ahịa n'etiti afọ 2000, na-etolite njikọ siri ike na mkpụrụ ahụ ma na-enye afọ nke UV na nguzogide kemịkalụ, ihe na-ehicha onwe ya, nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ dị elu na njigide gloss dị elu.Otú ọ dị, adịghị ike ha bụ ntụpọ mmiri.agba elu na ncha elu nke ule nke onwe anyị gosipụtara na ọ bụ mbufe ọkụ na-adịghị mma na-aga ngwa ngwa na 2015 mgbe nyocha na graphene dị ka mgbakwunye malitere na 2018 anyị bụ ụlọ ọrụ mbụ na US iji wepụta ihe mgbakwunye graphene n'ihu ọha na usoro ahụ. N'ịmepụta ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dabere na GNP, ndị nchọpụta chọpụtara na ntụpọ mmiri na ntụpọ elu (n'ihi na kọntaktị na nsị nnụnụ, sap osisi, ụmụ ahụhụ na kemịkalụ siri ike) belatara nkezi nke 50%, yana nkwalite nguzogide abrasion n'ihi. na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke esemokwu.
Applied Graphene Materials plc (AGM, Redcar, UK) bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-enyefesa GNP n'ọtụtụ ndị ahịa na-emepụta ngwaahịa nlekọta ụgbọ ala.Onye na-emepụta graphene dị afọ 11 na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka onye ndu ụwa na mmepe na ntinye nke mgbasa GNP na mkpuchi, ihe ndị mejupụtara na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ.N'ezie, AGM na-akọ na agba na mkpuchi ụlọ ọrụ ugbu a na-akwụ ụgwọ maka 80% nke azụmahịa ya, ikekwe n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị otu ọrụ nkà na ụzụ ya sitere na ụlọ ọrụ agba na mkpuchi, nke na-enyere AGM aka ịghọta ihe mgbu nke ndị nchịkọta abụọ na n'ikpeazụ , ndị ọrụ..
Halo Autocare Ltd. (Stockport, UK) na-eji AGM's Genable GNP mgbasa na ngwaahịa abụọ EZ na-elekọta ụgbọ ala.Ewepụtara na 2020, graphene wax maka akụkụ ahụ na-ejikọta T1 carnauba wax, beeswax, na mmanụ mkpụrụ osisi na polymers, ndị na-ahụ maka wetting, na GNP iji gbanwee omume mmiri dị n'elu ma nye nchebe ogologo oge, ọmarịcha mmiri mmiri na ihe nkiri, nchịkọta unyi dị ala, dị mfe ihicha, na-ewepụ nsị nnụnụ ma na-ebelata oke mmiri.Graphene Alloy Wheel Wax nwere uru ndị a niile, mana emebere ya maka okpomọkụ dị elu, mmụba na-eyi na wiil na ndụmọdụ iyuzucha.A na-agbakwunye GNP na ntọala microcrystalline waxes okpomọkụ dị elu, mmanụ sịntetik, polymers na sistemụ resin a na-agwọta.Halo na-ekwu na dabere na ojiji, ngwaahịa ahụ ga-echebe wiil maka ọnwa 4-6.
James Briggs.Igwe ikuku aerosol na-ehichapụ ngwa ngwa nke na-enweghị Zinc nwere ezigbo mmachi na ọla na plastik ma ndị mmadụ dị ka ụlọ ahịa anụ ahụ na ndị na-azụ ahịa na-eji kwụsị ma ọ bụ gbochie corrosion nke elu igwe na iji dozie ebe ndị ahụ maka eserese na mkpuchi.The primer na-enye ihe karịrị awa 1750 nke nchebe corrosion dị ka ASTM G-85, Ihe Odide 5, yana ezigbo ihe mgbochi na mgbanwe na-enweghị mgbawa na ule cone (ASTM D-522).mbụ ndụ.AGM kwuru na ya na ndị ahịa na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ n'oge usoro mmepụta ihe iji mee ka ihe ndị nwere uru dịkwuo elu ma na-amachi mmetụta na ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ na ụdị ngwaahịa nlekọta ụgbọ ala na-akwalite GNP na ahịa na-eto ngwa ngwa.N'ezie, a na-atụle ọnụnọ nke graphene dị ka nnukwu uru arụmọrụ ma gosipụta ya na chaatị ngwaahịa.|James Briggs Ltd. (n'aka ekpe), Halo Autocare Ltd. (n'elu aka nri) na Ngwọta Nchedo Elu LLCSurface Protective Solutions LLC (n'ala aka nri)
Mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion bụ mpaghara na-eto eto nke ngwa maka GNP, ebe nanoparticles nwere ike ịgbatị oge mmezi, belata mmebi corrosion, gbatịa nchekwa akwụkwọ ikike ma belata ụgwọ njikwa akụ.|Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Hershey Coatings Co., Ltd.
A na-ejiwanye GNP na mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion na primers na gburugburu ebe siri ike (C3-C5).Adrian Potts, CEO nke AGM, kọwara: "Mgbe etinyere ya nke ọma n'ime ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ mkpuchi mmiri, graphene nwere ike inye ezigbo ihe mgbochi corrosion ma melite njikwa corrosion."mmetụta site n'ịgbatị ndụ nke ihe onwunwe, ibelata ugboro na ọnụ ahịa mmezi ihe onwunwe, yana maka ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ndị dabeere na mmiri nwere ihe mgbakwunye na-egbu egbu dị ka zinc adịghịzi achọ ma ọ bụ jiri ya.mpaghara elekwasị anya na ohere n'ime afọ ise na-esote.Ọ gbakwụnyere, "corrosion bụ nnukwu ihe, nchara abụghị isiokwu dị ụtọ nke ukwuu n'ihi na ọ na-anọchite anya mmebi nke akụ ndị ahịa, ọ bụ nnukwu nsogbu," ka ọ gbakwụnyere.
Onye ahịa AGM nke rụpụtagoro nke ọma ngwa ngwa aerosol spray primer bụ Halfords Ltd. dabere na Washington, UK, onye na-ere ahịa nke Britain na Irish nke akụkụ ụgbọ ala, akụrụngwa, akụrụngwa ịma ụlọikwuu na igwe igwe.Ihe mgbochi corrosion graphene nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ enweghị zinc, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma na gburugburu ebe obibi.A na-ekwu na ọ nwere ezigbo mmachi na elu igwe gụnyere nchara dị nro, aluminom na Zintec, jupụta obere ezughị okè n'elu ma kpoo n'ime nkeji 3-4 ka ọ bụrụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ na nkeji 20.Ọ gafekwara awa 1,750 nke ịgba nnu na nyocha cone na-enweghị mgbawa.Dị ka Halfords si kwuo, primer nwere ezigbo nguzogide sag, na-enye ohere maka mkpuchi dị omimi karị, ma na-enye ihe mgbochi dị mma iji gbatịkwuo ndụ mkpuchi ahụ.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, primer nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke agba mmiri.
Alltimes Coatings Ltd. si Stroud, UK, ọkachamara na nchedo corrosion nke ụlọ elu igwe, na-eji AGM dispersions na Advantage Graphene mmiri mmiri n'elu ụlọ maka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na azụmahịa.Ngwaahịa ahụ na-abawanye oke opekempe nke elu ụlọ, ihu igwe na mgbochi UV, enweghị ihe mgbaze, ogige organic na-agbanwe agbanwe (VOCs) na isocyanates.A na-etinye naanị otu oyi akwa n'elu ebe a kwadebere nke ọma, usoro ahụ nwere mmetụta nguzogide na ịdị elu dị elu, extensibility magburu onwe ya na enweghị nkwụsị mgbe ọ gwọchara ya.Enwere ike tinye ya n'elu oke okpomọkụ nke 3-60°C/37-140°F wee tinyegharịa ya.Mgbakwunye nke graphene na-eme ka nguzogide corrosion dịkwuo mma, ngwaahịa ahụ agafeela ule ịgba nnu na-anọpụ iche nke awa 10,000 (ISO9227: 2017), na-agbatị ndụ akwụkwọ ikike Autotech site na afọ 20 ruo 30.N'agbanyeghị ịmepụta ihe mgbochi dị oke irè megide mmiri, oxygen na nnu, mkpuchi microporous na-eku ume.Iji kwado ọzụzụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ, Alltimes ewepụtala usoro ọmụmụ na-aga n'ihu na mmepe ọkachamara (CPD).
Blocksil Ltd. sitere na Lichfield, UK, na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi na-emeri ihe nrite na-enye ike dị elu na nchekwa nchekwa ọrụ nye ndị ahịa na ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ oloko, ihe owuwu, ike, mmiri na ikuku.Blocksil rụkọrọ ọrụ na AGM iji mepụta ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion MT nke nwere akwa akwa akwa graphene na-eme ka ọ dị elu maka nchara arụrụ arụ na gburugburu oghere na corrosive.Ọ dị n'ụdị dị iche iche, VOC na ihe mgbaze na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla, sistemụ otu uwe na-eguzogide oke mmiri ma gafere awa 11,800 nke nnwale nnu na-anọpụ iche maka 50% ogologo ndụ karịa ngwaahịa ndị gara aga.N'iji ya tụnyere, Blocksil na-ekwu na polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) na-enweghị plasta na-adịru awa 500 n'ule a, ebe agba epoxy na-ewe awa 250-300.Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-ekwukwa na agba nwere ike itinye nchara nchara dị ntakịrị ma na-egbochi ịbanye mmiri n'oge na-adịghị anya.Akọwapụtara dị ka ihe na-eguzogide elu, ọ ga-agba nchara ma ọ bụrụhaala na ewepụrụ irighiri ihe ndị rụrụ arụ ma gwọọ ya n'enweghị okpomọkụ dị n'èzí ka enwere ike iji ya n'ọhịa.Ihe mkpuchi ahụ nwere ngwa ngwa sitere na 0 ruo 60 ° C / 32-140 ° F wee gafere ule ọkụ siri ike (BS476-3: 2004, CEN / TS1187: 2012-Test 4 (gụnyere EN13501-5: 2016-ule 4) 4)) na-eguzogide graffiti ma nwee ọmarịcha UV na nguzogide ihu igwe.A kọrọ na ejirila mkpuchi ahụ mee ihe na masts launcher na RTÉ (Raidió Teilifís Éireann, Dublin, Ireland) yana na satịlaịtị nkwukọrịta na Avanti Communications Group plc (London) yana n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ oloko nke akụkụ na nke yiri ya (SSP), ebe ọ gafere EN45545. -2:2013, R7 ruo HL3.
Ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ na-eji ihe mkpuchi nke GNP na-echebe ígwè bụ ụgbọ ala zuru ụwa ọnụ Martinrea International Inc. (Toronto), nke na-eji graphene-reinforced polyamide (PA, nke a na-akpọ naịlon) ụgbọ ala ndị njem.(N'ihi ezigbo thermoplastic Njirimara, onye na-eweta Montreal GNP NanoXplore Inc. nyere Martinrea na mkpuchi GNP/PA niile.) A na-akọ na ngwaahịa a na-ebelata ibu site na 25 pasent ma na-enye nchebe kachasị elu, na-eme ka ike dị elu dịkwuo elu, na kemịkalụ ka mma. nchebe.nguzogide anaghị achọ mgbanwe ọ bụla na akụrụngwa mmepụta ma ọ bụ usoro dị adị.Martinrea kwuru na arụmọrụ ka mma nke mkpuchi ahụ nwere ike ịgbatị ngwa ya n'ọtụtụ akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, ọkachasị ụgbọ ala eletrik.
Na mmecha nke ọtụtụ ule ogologo oge, nchebe corrosion nke mmiri na mgbochi nsị nwere ike ịghọ ngwa dị mkpa nke GNP.A na-anwale ihe mgbakwunye Graphene Talga Group Ltd. ugbu a n'ezi ọnọdụ oke osimiri na nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri abụọ.Otu n'ime ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emechaala nyocha ọnwa 15 wee kwuo na ngalaba ndị ejiri GNP mesie primer gosipụtara nsonaazụ dị mma ma ọ bụ dị mma karịa ihe nlele mbụ na-enweghị nkwado, nke gosipụtaralarị akara nke corrosion.|Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Targa Group Co., Ltd.
Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta agba na ndị na-emepụta graphene agbasi mbọ ike na-arụ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion / mgbochi mmebi maka ụlọ ọrụ mmiri.Nyere ule dị ukwuu na ogologo oge achọrọ iji nweta nkwado na mpaghara a, ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ọrụ anyị gbara ajụjụ ọnụ gosiri na ngwaahịa ha ka nọ na nyocha na nyocha na nkwekọrịta enweghị nkwupụta (NDA) na-egbochi ha ikwu okwu banyere ọrụ ha na . ubi.Onye ọ bụla kwuru na ule emere ruo taa egosila uru dị ukwuu site na itinye GNP n'ime pavement mmiri.
Otu ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị ike ịkọwapụta ọrụ ya bụ 2D Materials Pte dabeere na Singapore.Ltd., nke malitere imepụta GNP na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ nyocha na 2017 na ọnụ ọgụgụ azụmahịa n'afọ gara aga.Emebere ngwaahịa graphene ya maka ụlọ ọrụ agba, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwuru na ya na-arụ ọrụ na abụọ n'ime ndị na-ebubata ihe mgbochi corrosion mmiri kachasị ukwuu kemgbe 2019 iji mepụta agba na mkpuchi maka ngalaba ahụ.2D Materials kwukwara na ya na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nchara na-arụkọ ọrụ iji tinye graphene n'ime mmanụ a na-eji echebe ígwè n'oge mbupu na nchekwa.Dị ka Chwang Chie Fu, ọkachamara n'itinye ihe 2D si kwuo, "graphene nwere mmetụta kachasị na mkpuchi arụ ọrụ.""Dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion na ụlọ ọrụ mmiri, zinc bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi.Enwere ike iji Graphene belata ma ọ bụ dochie zinc na mkpuchi ndị a.Ịgbakwunye ihe na-erughị 2% graphene nwere ike ịbawanye ndụ nke mkpuchi ndị a, nke pụtara na nke a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mara mma nke ukwuu nke siri ike ịjụ. "
Talga Group Ltd. (Perth, Australia), batrị anode na graphene ụlọ ọrụ tọrọ ntọala na 2010, mara ọkwa na mbụ nke afọ a na ya Talcoat graphene mgbakwunye maka primers egosila nti utịp ke n'ezie ụwa oké osimiri ule.A na-emepụta ihe mgbakwunye ahụ maka iji ya na mkpuchi mmiri iji melite nguzogide corrosion, belata mfu agba na gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri ma melite arụmọrụ site na ịba ụba n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri.N'ụzọ doro anya, ihe mgbakwunye a na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike ịbanye n'ime mkpuchi na ọnọdụ, nke na-anọchite anya mmepe azụmahịa dị ịrịba ama nke ngwaahịa GNP, nke a na-enyekarị dị ka mmiri mmiri na-ekpochapụ iji hụ na ngwakọta dị mma.
N'afọ 2019, etinyere ihe mgbakwunye ahụ na ngwugwu epoxy primer abụọ sitere na onye na-ebubata ihe mkpuchi wee tinye ya na nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri 700m²/7535ft² dị ka akụkụ nke nnwale mmiri iji nyochaa arụmọrụ nke mkpuchi ahụ na gburugburu mmiri siri ike.(Iji nye usoro ihe nrịba ama, a na-eji primer omenala eme ihe n'ebe ọzọ iji mata ọdịiche ngwaahịa nke ọ bụla. A na-etinyezi primers abụọ ahụ n'elu.) N'oge ahụ, a na-ewere ngwa a dị ka ngwa graphene kasị ukwuu n'ụwa.A na-enyocha ụgbọ ahụ nke ọnwa iri na ise yana akụkụ ndị kpuchiri na GNP mesiri primer a na-akọ na ọ rụrụ ọrụ yiri ya ma ọ bụ ka mma karịa ntọala na-enweghị nkwado, nke gosipụtaralarị akara nke corrosion.Nnwale nke abụọ gụnyere ịnwe onye na-etinye agba na-agwakọta ihe mgbakwunye GNP ntụ ntụ na saịtị ahụ yana agba epoxy ọzọ nwere mkpọ abụọ sitere na ndị ọzọ na-eweta agba wee fesa ya na akụkụ dị mkpa nke nnukwu akpa.Ikpe abụọ ka na-aga n'ihu.Talga kwuru na mmachibido njem njem metụtara ọrịa na-aga n'ihu na-emetụta njem mba ụwa, na-egbu oge akụkọ banyere etu mkpuchi ahụ si arụ ọrụ na ụgbọ mmiri nke abụọ.N'ịbụ ndị na-agba ume site na nsonaazụ ndị a, a na-ekwu Talga na-emepụta ihe mkpuchi mmiri na-adịghị mma, ihe mgbochi microbial maka ígwè na plastik, mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion maka akụkụ ígwè buru ibu, na mkpuchi mkpuchi maka nkwakọ plastik.
GNP mmepe oru ngo mara ọkwa na March site Advanced Materials Research Laboratory Toray Industries, Inc. (Tokyo), dọtara mmasị nke mkpuchi formulation mmepe, gụnyere ihe e kere eke nke ultrafine dispersion graphene ngwọta, nke e kwuru na-egosipụta magburu onwe fluidity.High conductivity jikọtara na elu eletriki na thermal conductivity.Isi ihe na mmepe bụ iji polymer pụrụ iche (akpọghị aha) nke a na-ekwu na ọ na-achịkwa viscosity site na igbochi nchịkọta nke graphene nanosheets, si otú ahụ dozie nsogbu ogologo oge nke ịmepụta mgbasawanye GNP nke ukwuu.
Tụnyere ot GNP dispersions, Toray ọhụrụ elu-mmiri ngwaahịa, nke nwere a pụrụ iche polima na-achịkwa viscosity site na-egbochi graphene nanoparticle mkpokọta, na-arụpụta ukwuu lekwasị, ultra-mma GNP dispersions na elu thermal na eletriki conductivity na ụba fluidity maka mfe nke njikwa na. ịgwakọta.|Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Torey Industries Co., Ltd.
"Grafene dị gịrịgịrị na-agbakọta ngwa ngwa, nke na-ebelata mmiri ozuzo ma na-eme ka o sie ike itinye ngwaahịa a gwakọtara agwakọta," ka onye nchọpụta Toray Eiichiro Tamaki na-akọwa."Iji zere nsogbu ịrapagidesi ike, a na-agbanyekarị nanoplates na ngwọta ntinye uche dị ala.Agbanyeghị, nke a na-eme ka o sie ike ịnweta itinye uche zuru oke iji nweta uru graphene zuru oke. ”Mgbasa GNP dị oke mma yana mmụba mmiri maka ịdị mfe nke njikwa na ngwakọta.A na-ekwu na ngwa mbụ gụnyere batrị, sekit eletrọnịkị maka ibipụta, na mkpuchi mgbochi corrosion iji gbochie mmiri na ikuku oxygen ịbanye.Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-eme nchọpụta ma na-emepụta graphene maka afọ 10 ma na-ekwu na ha emepụtala teknụzụ mgbasa ozi iji mee ka graphene dịkwuo ọnụ.Ndị nchọpụta ahụ kwenyere na polymer pụrụ iche na-emetụta ma nanosheets n'onwe ha na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, Tamaki kwuru, na-ekwu na ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ihe mgbaze pola dị elu.
Nyere uru niile GNP na-enye, ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na enyerela azụmaahịa na agụmakwụkwọ ihe karịrị 2,300 patent metụtara GNP.Ndị ọkachamara na-ebu amụma ọganihu dị ukwuu maka nkà na ụzụ a, na-ekwu na ọ ga-emetụta ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ 45, gụnyere agba na mkpuchi.A na-ewepụ ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị mkpa na-egbochi uto.Nke mbụ, nchegbu gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, ahụike na nchekwa (EHS) nwere ike ịbụ nsogbu maka nanoparticles ọhụrụ ka akwadoro usoro iwu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, European Union's REACH (ndebanye aha, nyocha, ikike na mmachi nke kemịkalụ)).Na mgbakwunye, ọtụtụ ndị na-ebubata anwalela ngwa mgbakwunye GNP iji ghọta nke ọma ihe na-eme ma a na-efesa ya.Ndị na-eme graphene na-adị ngwa ịkọwa na n'ihi na a na-eme GNP site na graphite ịnweta nke na-emekarị, usoro ha na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma na gburugburu ebe obibi karịa ọtụtụ ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ.Ihe ịma aka nke abụọ bụ inweta ego zuru oke na ọnụ ahịa dị ọnụ ala, mana a na-edozikwa nke a ka ndị nrụpụta na-agbasa usoro mmepụta ha.
"Isi ihe mgbochi na ntinye nke graphene n'ime ụlọ ọrụ bụ ikike mmepụta nke ndị na-emepụta graphene, jikọtara ya na ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ngwaahịa," ka Tarek Jalloul nke Lead Carbon Technologies na-akọwa, ọrụ nkà na ụzụ NanoXplore."A na-emeri ihe mgbochi abụọ a na ngwaahịa ndị na-emepụta graphene na-abanye n'ahịa azụmahịa ka ike na ọnụahịa na-ebelata.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụlọ ọrụ nke m tọrọ ntọala na 2011 ma nwee ike ịmepụta 4,000 t / t kwa afọ, dị ka IDTechEx Research (Boston), anyị bụ ndị na-emepụta graphene kasị ukwuu n'ụwa.Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ anyị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma nwee nhazi modular nke nwere ike ịmegharị ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa ka mgbasawanye.Ihe ọzọ na-egbochi ngwa ụlọ ọrụ graphene bụ enweghị nkwado iwu, mana nke a na-eme ugbu a. "
"Ihe ndị a na-enye site na graphene nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ụlọ ọrụ agba na mkpuchi," Velzin na-agbakwụnye."Ọ bụ ezie na graphene nwere ọnụ ahịa dị elu kwa gram karịa ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ, a na-eji ya na obere ego ma na-enye uru dị mma nke na ọnụ ahịa ogologo oge dị ọnụ ala.ịzụlite graphene ? mkpuchi ??
"Ihe a na-arụ ọrụ ma anyị nwere ike igosi na ọ dị ezigbo mma," Potts kwukwara."Ịtinye graphene na uzommeputa, ọbụlagodi na obere ego, nwere ike inye ihe ngbanwe."
Peggy Malnati is a regular contributor to PF’s sister publications CompositesWorld and MoldMaking Technology magazines and maintains contact with clients through her regional office in Detroit. pmalnati@garpub.com
A na-eji ihe nkpuchi eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ọrụ ịmecha ígwè ebe ọ bụ naanị akụkụ ụfọdụ nke elu akụkụ ahụ kwesịrị ka edozi ya.Kama, enwere ike iji masking mee ihe n'elu ebe a na-achọghị ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ kwesịrị izere ya.Edemede a na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ akụkụ nke nkpuchi nchara nchara, gụnyere ngwa, usoro, na ụdị nkpuchi dị iche iche eji.
Nrachi dị mma, ịba ụba corrosion na ọnya ọnya, yana mbelata mmekọrịta mkpuchi na akụkụ chọrọ ọgwụgwọ mbụ.
Oge nzipu: Nov-28-2022